Ethical Issues in Secured Communications Essay -- Communication Ethics

Ethical Issues in Secured Communications 1. Introduction The outstanding growth of network technologies in the past decade have contributed to millions of new applications and industries. Literally millions of companies around the world were created to serve this huge growth. Even though many of those companies did not survive until the present time, most of the applications did survive and they are still widely used among consumers of all ages, cultures, and backgrounds. Most of the widely used applications are not secured. I will define what is meant by a secured communication later in the paper. However, this paper is more concerned in the way people use these applications in terms of identity. Many applications allow users to participate in specific discussion groups or web activities as anonymous. Anonymity might not be a problem in open chatting rooms for example, but what about banking applications or email or even instant messaging. Email and instant messaging software are free to use and provided by respective companies such as Microsoft and Yahoo. Those services do not require a real identity to be used and many people use these services as anonymous. The opposite of being anonymous is to be verified, and in order for someone to be verified on the internet, he/she has to be authenticated. Authentication ensures that the person using a specific application is whomever he/she claims to be. This paper will look in detail on how authentication can be achieved on the web and why it is necessary. Then I will focus on the notion of anonymity and identity. Then we will see who supports anonymity on the web and why. Then we will see who stands against it and why. A controversial example will be given and ... ... [2] 2000 B.C. Intell. Prop. & Tech. F. 041901 - Herman T. Tavani, â€Å"Privacy and the Internet† [3] 1999 B.C. Intell. Prop. & Tech. F. 060506 - Dr. Ronald J. Kizior, â€Å"Lurking on the Internet† [4] 1999 B.C. Intell. Prop. & Tech. F. 060507 - Adam White Scoville, â€Å"Text is Self: The Merger of Property and Identity† [5] W. Stallings, "Cryptography and Network Security: Principles and Practice", Prentice Hall, 2002, Ch. 14 [6] E. Shaefer, "MATH 178/196 class notes", Santa Clara University, Computer Science and Mathematics department [7] http://www.penet.fi/press-english.html [8] http://legacy.eos.ncsu.edu/eos/info/computer_ethics/privacy/anonymity/ [9] http://www.niksula.cs.hut.fi/~eklund/Opinnot/netsec.html [10] N. Ling," Data Compression 1 class notes", Santa Clara University, Computer Engineering Department [11] Anonymity on the web FAQ

Related Text Analysis

1 – Into the Wild shows a man who journey’s through the country in order to find peace and belonging. Christopher McCandless or ‘Alexander Supertramp’ was a man who wished not to conform to the way society was governed, he did no want to be sucked into the depths of technology which has consumed the minds of many people. He only wished to live simply as one would have one thousand years ago. Into the wild strongly relates to the concept of belonging in many ways. In May 1990 McCandless graduates from Emory University with high honors.Instead of doing joining the workforce and being ruled by a world filled with laws he chooses to leave the world he has always know and been affiliated to start a new adventure. He does not tell anybody of his departure, as he wants to take this journey alone. Chris finds happiness and belonging when he reaches the Alaskan wilderness, it consists of no civilization or even signs of civilization apart from the abandon bus that h e finds refuge in. The film shows that although McCandless is greeted by society with open arms, a life that would have been very tempting, he chooses not to conform to the way everyone else lives.Rubric: A sense of belonging can emerge from the connections made with people, places, groups, communities and the larger world. On McCandless’s journey he comes into to contact with many different types of people and communities, from hippies to his fellow worker at a fast food restaurant. He finds many different characters, who have all found their place to belong in society, they have merged to form groups, all with their own ethics and beliefs. Many of these places suit Chris’s lifestyle but he still chooses to venture alone, as he is still unable to find the place where he really feels at home.He meets new people all the time who give him valuable knowledge on life. One occasion in particular is when McCandless encounters Ron Franz, a retired man who served in the United States army. McCandless lives with Ron for a while and Ron teaches him the craft of leatherwork. The pair are different in many ways but somehow formed a very strong bond between each other to the point where Ron offers to adopt him as a grandchild. This shows that a strong sense of belonging emerged through the relationship formed by McCandless and Ron.Another idea about belonging is that even people that are strongly connected to each other often have very different perspectives on belonging. This is seen through McCandless and his father. McCandless doesn’t feel that he belongs when is father makes the decisions for him and tells him what to wear and drive, this creates fear of being judged, he also doesn’t like developing new relationships with people, he does however over come these when he lives out in the wild, meeting new people along the way. – Sean Penn uses many film techniques and language features to help create ideas about belonging. Penn makes it clear that McCandless does not feel that he belongs in the city when he first arrives. It is shown to be a congested, loud and unnatural place. In the first minute after he hops off the train he finds himself having to crawl on his hands and knees under train carriages and drainage pipes. He later decides to walk down the streets late at night, You are able to hear sirens blaring, the streets are also very dirty with rubbish everywhere.Penn used these scenes as a way of representing cities as being dirty and congested, with no room for freedom. This is compared to the Alaskan wilderness that McCandless finally discovers. These scenes are done with many extreme long shots of the nature that surrounds McCandless. One significant example of these is when he stands up on the abandon bus that he had just discovered and yell ‘is there anybody out here? † as loud as he can. This emphasizes the fact that he has found a place where he can live with peace and freedom, he had foun d a place to belong.Another technique used in this film is the narration of Chris’s sister. Through out the movie we are shown how Chris feels and how he changes, but with the narration from his sister it shows us how everyone else is feeling. It shows us what effects of Chris leaving has had on the family. The final technique, probably the most important one, is the use of flashbacks. Penn begins the film with McCandless finally reaching Alaska after his journey across the country comes to and end.The idea that somebodies perspective on belonging can be shaped through new relationships and events is shown though this technique. Every flashback shows McCandless either coming across new characters, new places or experiencing new things. These all shape McCandless’s perspective on belonging. An example of this is when McCandless is talking to Ron after they had just walked up the steep, rocky hill. Ron tell Chris that he will miss him when he has gone, but Chris just rep lies saying that â€Å"you are wrong if you think that the joy of life comes principally from the joy of human relationships. Ron then gives Chris very wise words stating, â€Å"When you forgive, you love. And when you love, God's light shines through you. † McCandless has many other encounters with people who also teach him valuable lessons in life, and by the end of the film, McCandless is left realising that ‘happiness is only real when shared’ rather than thinking that the only way to be happy was to be isolated and alienated from the materialistic society. 3 – Many new ideas about belonging have aroused from ‘Into the Wild’.It is often very hard to find a place to belong, as is the case with McCandless, he meets many different groups and communities but can never find a place where he feels he actually belongs. Belonging isn’t necessarily being apart of a community that shares similar beliefs and ethics, someone may actually find that they belong when they are by themselves or/and indulged in the serenity of nature. Society is built up of laws and rules, meaning the only way to belong are to conform and respect those rules even if you do not entirely think they are right.McCandless finally has enough of obeying the rules that are set out to keep everyone in line. Another key point that is brought through ‘Into the wild’ is that peoples perspective of belonging can change due to certain events, when McCandless first decides to leave his old life behind him he had no intentions of forming friendships with other people, all he wanted to do was get away from society. Over time he began to change his view on society and realized that being alone and isolated isn’t actually what he wanted.But that ‘happiness is only real when shared’, so this is basically saying that he finally understood that he didn’t want to be locked away from the world and that he was only really happy when he helped make his friends happy. 4 – ‘Into the Wild’ can relate to The Crucible through the ideas established about belonging. Chris McCandless can be looked at along side John Proctor in the way that they both choose not to conform to society and both their lives are cut shot due to this.McCandless does not wish to live as everyone else does, he does not want to be a clone to society, all he wants if freedom to do what he wants but his life comes to an early end due to this because he preferred to live in the Alaskan wild instead of living in a stable environment at the comfort of his own bed. Proctor was also a wise, ethical man yet he did not completely agree with the way things were being run in Salem. He could have very easily taken the easy way out and conform to the Ministry’s orders to save his life but he instead chooses to do what he knows is right.Another way that these two texts relate is through the idea that ones perspective one belongi ng can be created and/or changed due to certain events. Chris begins his journey believing the only way he can belong and be happy is to be secluded from the world around him, living disconnected from people in the wild life. But after his many encounter with people he slowly beginning to realise that he can only be happy when helping to create happiness for others. This is similar to Hale in ‘The Crucible’.The story begins with him who believes that the church is always ethical and correct. The church is like his home to him, it is where he belongs. As the story progresses he begins to realise that watch is happening is wrong and yet due to the power of the ministry he has no way to prevent the events that unfold. This drastically changes his perspective on the church and the faith he has believed in for so long, he realises that maybe after all, the church is not where he belongs. Nick Slaven

The Pay Day Loan Industry - 2041 Words

The pay day loan industry is one of the fastest growing businesses concepts that our country has ever seen. Supposedly it is set-up for emergency access to money when you needed the money like yesterday. This industry sprung up on the skirts of epidemic bankruptcies in the USA. Working class people had become accustomed to spending more than they had on the promise to pay the money back at a later date. Predictably such types of spending habits catch up with you and eventually people become so over extended with credit card payments, cars that they could not afford but wanted -- and got anyway plus any of a number of other buy now pay later types of purchases that record bankruptcies were the result of many families coming to reality with†¦show more content†¦While still other short term loan companies will only approve you for a loan if your employer verifies you are still employed, pay check in hand or not. Competition has gotten so fierce that merely presenting a bank s tatement showing proof that you have an open account is all Pay Day Loan companies are looking at. It doesn t matter if your balance is at a negative $500 or that you have had a hundred overdrafts within the last year you in most cases will still qualify for some type of loan. Credit checks normally are not done when you apply for a Pay Day Loan so your credit history isn t held against you. Some companies are members of a inner circle type of credit checking system that checks for bounced checks and how many other pay day loans a client has out. Too many of these types of issue can limit the amount of money you can borrow or disqualify you all together. That s really all the information most companies ask for and then are willing to loan a person as much as $1,500 on their promise to pay them back. With all of these financial negatives in the pay day loan industry one might wonder how companies could ever make a profit, the answer is in their finances fees. Because pay day loan companies understand that they are mostly dealing with people with bad credit problems to begin their rates are based on what sector of the financial world they are dealing with. Because they don tShow MoreRelated Cash Advance Loan Companies1103 Words   |  5 PagesHaving hundreds of online loan companies giving short term capital advances, finding a capital advance mortgage company is straightforward and straightforward after you are usually tight having online and computers. Ever since economic become softer down, your pay day loan trade may be raising at a immediate pace substantially in the united states. 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Martin Luther And The Protestant Reformation - 1326 Words

Many events occurred such as, John Smyth establishing the baptist church, and the church prohibiting Galileo from further scientific work. Later in 1618 the 30 years war started, and in 1621 the church banned Johann Keplers the â€Å"Epitome of the Copernican Astronomer†. All of these events contribute to the idea that the church had all the power. Thus the Religious Reformation period was the most important time because new religions were formed and the RCC had all the power. Indeed supporters of the Reformation Religions believe that this time had the biggest impact because during this time new religions were created and millions changed faith. In his text â€Å"Martin Luther† the author argues that â€Å"Martin Luther as a Christian theologist and Augustinian monk whose teachings inspired the Protestant Reformation†. Martin Luther was the spark for the new religions, his faith known as Lutheranism was the first of many Protestant branches. Based upon this re search Martin Luther is significant because of his actions. If it were not for him then there s the possibility that we would not have Protestant religions. He changed history by posting the 95 theses on the church and spreading them throughout the country using the printing press. This one single action is what started it all. Luther’s new religion gave the power to the people and not the ministers it also stopped the selling of indulgences. This particular document pointed out the selling of indulgences and also attached theShow MoreRelatedMartin Luther And The Protestant Reformation1349 Words   |  6 Pagesto fix by amendment is Martin Luther. In the early 15th century, the Catholic Church was under siege from criticism based off of corruptions and Catholic wrongdoings; this time in history was known as the Protestant Reformation. The main catalyst in this revolution was none other than Martin Luther. Although Martin Luther sparked rebellion and a revolution, he , himsel f, was a reactionary reformer in how he wanted to restore the church into what it once was. Martin Luther, according to his ideasRead MoreMartin Luther And The Protestant Reformation1879 Words   |  8 PagesMartin Luther was not only one of the most significant figures in the Protestant Reformation, but he also developed his own denomination of followers. While many say that Luther was breaking away from the Catholic Church to establish a rival church, yet Luther challenged the authority of the church quietly. His arguments did not focus the attention on himself, but wholly on God. Martin Luther is considered the initiator of the Protestant Reformation as he realized the corruption in the Catholic ChurchRead MoreMartin Luther And The Protestant Reformation1608 Words   |  7 PagesThe first step of the Protestant Reformation was carried out by a monk called Martin Luther to adjust the unfairness of the Catholic Church. 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His teaching of the bible is what leadRead MoreMartin Luther And The Protestant Reformation1461 Words   |  6 PagesTh e Protestant Reformation was the 16th-century religious, political, intellectual and cultural upheaval that disintegrated Catholic Europe, setting in place the structures and beliefs that differ from Catholic Church and in future triggered wars and fights and persecutions. In northern and central Europe, reformers like Martin Luther, Thomas Muntzer, Ulrich Zwingli, John Calvin and Henry VIII challenged papal authority and questioned the Catholic Church’s practices, such as â€Å"indulgence† and â€Å"enoughRead MoreMartin Luther And The Protestant Reformation Essay2089 Words   |  9 Pages1517, as the initial rise of early reform movements. It was the day Martin Luther had encrypted his floating thoughts of early reformation onto paper, with the help of the printing press. 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Upon evaluationRead MoreMartin Luther And The Protestant Reformation1541 Words   |  7 PagesSochor Professor Eric Breault Religion 374 21 April 2017 Martin Luther and the Protestant Reformation Martin Luther was a German professor of Theology during the 13th and 14th century who was a key figure of the Protestant Reformation. In this paper, I will discuss the impact of Martin Luther’s actions from a standpoint of the Catholic Church and its reaction to Martin Luther’s work. To discuss this, I will use some of the works of Martin Luther himself along with sources from authors Paul A. BishopRead MoreMartin Luther And The Protestant Reformation1029 Words   |  5 Pages The Protestant Reformation was a reform movement in the 16th century that was against the Roman Catholic and its way of controlling things. Martin Luther, a reformer along with John Calvin and Henchurches VII. Luther may have had full faith in God, but he also had fear in him and his powers. They questioned the authority of the church and argued over political and religious powers in the hands of the bible. Martin Luther was the starter of it all. Martin Luther was a German monk who decided to startRead MoreMartin Luther and The Protestant Reformation1110 Words   |  4 PagesMartin Luther What is the first thing that comes to mind when you think of October 31st? The answer is probably Halloween, correct? October 31st is a significant date, however, this paper will describe how, in 1517, Martin Luther changed the course of religion with his visionary leadership and ethical beliefs. The essay will also discuss how his traits are relevant to me as a leader. Martin Luther was one the most influential people that inspired the Protestant Reformation and impacted Christianity

Native Americans And The United States - 991 Words

The United States as we know it, since its beginning has been based on immigration. Native Americans traveled during the Ice Age through the Bering Strait and English settlers sailed the Atlantic. Due to unknown reasons, most of the Native societies except for the Aztecs collapse before the arrival of the Europeans, which gives shine to the English settlements since their attainment set the roots of our society today. More importantly, it should be recognized the diverse cultures of English settlers since it has set the precedent for the tolerance and freedom of expression that is experienced in the United States today. English migrated to the United States due to the lack of freedom of religion in the Mother Land. This made the New World a setting with a mixture of different religions that were persecuted in England. Each of the persecuted religious groups brought different cultures and as a result settled in different regions of the American continent Atlantic coast. These settlers were distributed through New England, the Carolinas, the Mid-Atlantic, and Chesapeake. Their differences in customs and terrain settled made for the success (or failure) of each colony. The first English settlements are what defined the new colonies of America. Before the English settled in the land, America was pursued over by the Spaniards. Of the several colonies that were established the first was the Jamestown colony by Puritans. After much struggle they were able to conquer a large pieceShow MoreRelatedThe United States And Native Americans Essay1300 Words   |  6 PagesThe history between Native Americans and Americans is harsh. Native Americans have been pushed off of their land by Americans and put into smaller reservations. The united states have enforced a number of treaties trying to better the relationship but it has oppressed Natives. Recently the united states were plaining to build an oil pipeline that would run through native land and the native Americans did not want the pipeline to be built. So this created more tension between the two. History ofRead MoreNative Americans And The United States Essay1671 Words   |  7 Pagesand early Americans have pushed away Native Americans. Natives were not only thrown into an unknown land, but were also killed in large numbers while changing their culture trying to fit in. The United States was nothing but rude to these people who owned the land centuries before the first Englishman ever stepped foot in America. The United States destroyed these societies to shreds without ever really giving them a good chance to live among the Americans. I believe the United States should haveRead MoreNative Americans And The United States1443 Words   |  6 PagesMany people think that the African-Americans are the most oppressed group of people ever in the United States. That may be true based on the quality of oppression, but not the length of this type of treatment. The Native Americans have been the most oppressed group of people ever in the United States, and even in the colonies that preceded the US. From the early 16th century until even today, the Native Americans were and are being oppressed in this country. The cause was because of colonizationRead MoreNative Americans And The United States873 Words   |  4 Pageshow they helped to shape what is now American history. To think that when settlers first came to the new land native americans made up one hundred percent of the population but now are roughly only one percent of the total population is very disappointing to see. This decline of population was due to many different factors such as, territorial conflicts, war, disease, and being forced to re-settle. When resettling, the journey alone that the native American had to take caused a huge decrease inRead MoreNative Americans And The United States Essay2035 Words   |  9 Pagesexperience challenges that the average American is not subject to, but Native Americans, who live on reservations, experience a unique set of social hardships. Many of these h ardships are due to the fact that they live on reservations where resources and esteem are scarce, but in order to preserve cultural identity and sovereignty, many natives believe it is not only their right to live on reservations, but their duty. Likewise, it is a duty of the United States government to provide these people, whoRead MoreNative Americans in the United States and African Americans3048 Words   |  13 PagesDeculturalization and the Struggle for Equality examines the educational policies in the United States that have resulted in intentional patterns of oppression by Protestant, European Americans against racial and ethnic groups. The historical context of the European American oppressor is helpful in understanding how the dominant group has manipulated the minority groups. These minority groups include Americans who are Native, African, Latin/Hispanic, and Asian. Techniques for deculturalization were appliedRead MoreNative Americans in the United States and Squanto Essay790 Words   |  4 PagesSquanto Squanto is a Native American who lived in the early seventeenth century in what is now the Northeast United States. When the English came to this area of America to settle, they became very fond of Squanto and used him as a translator due to his unique knowledge of the English language acquired through an earlier voyage to Europe. 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For thousands of years, Native Americans had roamed around the Americas. There had also been many tribes spread across the West that fought between each other in order to have their land.1 It wasn’t until after reconstruction in the United States, that the white Americans started having ordeals with the Native Americans. The main tribes involvedRead MoreThe Great Impact On Native American Nation And The United States Of America1767 Words   |  8 Pagesdisagreements, disrespect, feuds, or even over the smallest of matters. For example, one of the biggest feuds in American history that just ended recently was between the Hatfield’s and McCoy’s. This just shows you how petty, ignorant, and uncivilized we as a people can become. However, the greatest and most crucial feud of all was between the entire Native American Nation and the United States of America. This war of hate and disrespect towards tribes of people and their culture is uncalled for and has

Creativity and innovation free essay sample

Everyone has the problem that how they will learn more in the content of a question or/and problem that they are working on. Simple answer for that is by creativity and innovation, but then the question is what is creativity and innovation means. In simple words, creativity refers to the invention or origination of any new thing that has value. New may refer to the individual creator or the society or domain within which novelty occurs. In the same manner, Innovation is the development of new customer value through solutions that meet new needs, unarticulated needs, or old customer and market needs in new ways. Innovation differs from improvement in that innovation refers to the notion of doing something different rather than doing the same thing better. As per my thinking, innovation has some advantages and disadvantages on our society. Innovation is the doorway to progress in any field. Doing things in a new way not only allows industry to develop but also breaths in a fresh new lease of life into the world of entrepreneurship. We will write a custom essay sample on Creativity and innovation or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Without it industry will stagnate and no new things will be there to be found. This kind of stagnation does not auger well for a human race that faces new and increasingly complex challenges in a world that does not bother to respect any kind of rules human beings would like to put for it. Another issue that is of paramount importance is that innovations have made the era of an information superhighway a reality. Apart from the rioters in Tehran, it is possible to know of job opportunities or research material in a country far away from one’s own. Internet communication has enabled people to get employed without ever leaving the country, to have academic conference discussions with scholars across the world without ever leaving their own living rooms. Without innovation then no more discoveries will be made that will add to the knowledge of humanity. It is the responsibility of the current generation to come up with solutions that will be applied by future generations to survive in a world with new challenges, some of which have been created by the current generation. Such new challenges include global warming, environmental degradation, and depletion of the ozone layer and over exploitation of the non- renewable energy sources. It remains the role of the entrepreneur to contribute his share by enterprisingly distributing ideas and resources for the enablement of this process of innovation for the survival of the entire species. On the other hand, Innovations are very expensive. They use up a lot of resources which could be used for other pressing needs. The numerous excursions into outer space have cost trillions of dollars yet they have so far yielded very little that can further the cause of humanity so far. Many organizations find themselves in a situation where they invest so much in the field of research which sometimes ends up revealing nothing. Innovations may also create disruptive technologies. This kind of technology disrupts the way people look at markets and thus causing a new demand. The effect of this is many companies with stocks that do not seem to move. The end result is that companies cannot keep up since they produce a lot of redundant material that forms a huge backlog of dead stock (Thomke 2003, p 1-2). Another example in this case that we could talk about is cloning. For years it has been believed that it takes a man to impregnate a woman. The whole idea of a physician fulfilling that purpose medically was unheard of. Today it is a reality, albeit with hiccups here and there. There is no doubt in the minds of many observers that with time and persistence, the persons involved will make it work. Arguments about morality from indignant self-righteous campaigners notwithstanding, so long as they keep at it, they will get something out of it (Tuomi 2002). To sum up, all factors considered, it is fairly difficult to live in the modern world without being ready to innovate or learn to use other people’s innovations. The only way to avoid redundancy altogether is to keep sharpening oneself through research, education, discussion and a little bit of experimentation. Claiming that one is too old does not work anymore since the world is changing at such a high speed that simply taking a break for one minute can be very costly. Creativity and Innovation free essay sample Sample Essay The importance of creativity and innovation Businesses are facing changes like never before . Today, companies must be attentive to the needs of consumers as market their goods or services. The diversity of products offered by the company must satisfy all consumer needs and exceed customer expectations in terms of quality, since it represents a business opportunity for the company. Creativity and innovation are often the key to the success of a business, particularly when strategizing during strategic planning, and when designing new products and services. Creative thinking and innovation are particularly useful during Strategic Planning and in Product and Service Management. These thesis are supported with facts that reveal importance to the business in today. The importance of innovation in general, is perceived as essential for survival in a setting increasingly competitive and globalized, but few companies do have some kind of initiative to put it into practice. On the text â€Å"Bright Ideas† (page 66 Business Matters course book) there are some examples which demonstrate that simple ideas, generally are good ideas for business. We will write a custom essay sample on Creativity and Innovation or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The secret is to think of them in first place. As someone once remarked, â€Å"if you can’t write your idea on the back of your business card, you don’t have an idea. † Although, innovation begins with creativity. Creativity is the mental and social process of generating ideas, concepts, and associations. Innovation is the successful exploitation of new ideas: it is a profitable outcome of the creative process, which involves generating and applying in a specific context products, services, procedures, and processes that are desirable and viable. Naturally, people who create and people who innovate can have different attributes and perspectives. Another example is marked by solving business problems with creativity. Indeed, reformulating and redefining a problem is just one of the ways in which we can create a climate for creativity in business, this has an impact increasingly in a number of companies that now see such creative strategies as vital to their survival. â€Å"There is no doubt that creativity is the most important human resource of all. Without creativity, there would be no progress, and we would be forever repeating the same patterns. † —Edward de Bono In conclusion, creativity and innovation are undoubtedly important for the survival of all world companies. Those companies in the market can become more competitive and globalized by reducing production costs according to their needs. Furthermore, Creativity plays a critical role in the innovation process, and innovation that markets value is a creator and sustainer of performance and change. 422 words

Integrated Marketing Communication Business Optimization

Question: Describe about the Integrated Marketing Communication for Business Optimization. Answer: Introduction IMC or the Integrated Marketing Communication is a type of marketing strategy which can also be said as modern as well as traditional, and which works for the optimization of the communication or the linking of the messages in the business market. Also, the integrated marketing communication is used for the promotion of the tools needed for the communication in the market. The IMC concept was very simple and it very prevalently used in the Australian market. It was previously focussing upon the product, price, place and promotion which eventually slow down the business, which led to the research for the change and this change was from the product, price, place and promotion to consumer, communication, convenience and cost. This change made the integrated marketing communication system to be more customer-focused and customer-centric. This change made the companies favourable to make the priority of customer satisfaction. Integrated marketing communication has some specific approaches for the better functioning or the transfer and the maintenance of the communications and linkage in the business market. Those are inside- out approach, outside-in approach and cross- functional strategic approach. Integrated Marketing Communication Model The IMC or the Integrated Marketing Communication is strategic planning of the company to make its voice of the company which will be helpful in building an effective relationship with the consumer. So in order to focus into this particular communication this is dependent upon various factors such as total information regarding the product and the position of the market. Due to this many researchers have made and developed many models which very well describe the IMC. The important model was the Linear Communication Model formulated by the American Association of Advertising Agencies in the year of 1989, which keeps information of the company in a linear manner, i.e., of five elements, the information source, transmitter, channel, receiver, and consignee. Another model was there called Jakobsons model which keeps the focus on six elements, i.e., context, addresser, addressee, contact, common code and message. After these models, many more researchers have proposed their developments with their point of view (Schultz, Patti Kitchen, 2013). Some researchers have proposed the model which is CRM database driven which has an important program which will help in creating and distributing a customized and interactive IMC program. By further research one, more communication model has been developed which is dedicated towards the series of factors that are having its effects on IMC (Thorson Moore, 2013). Basically, it is a holistic model which gives idea basing upon the sociological variables, external stimuli and finally the integrated marketing communication. In this phase, the sociological variables include the family, social class, culture, sub culture and membership groups. Same way, the external stimuli that affect the integrated marketing communication includes the market and company condition such as the price, packaging and the quality of the product, a brand of the product, the emotional values and the attributes of the product. And finally the integrated ma rketing communication of a company which gives an idea about the messages and the communication process used for the communication of the company with the consumers (Yeshin, 2012). These ways of communication usually includes the processes of advertisements through the medias, promotion of the sales of the product, by direct marketing of the product or establishing a qualitative and quantitative relationship with the consumers which are usually done by the sales representatives and finally one important part involved is the online marketing which is having a very great importance in todays market (Blakeman, 2014). Figure 1: IMC Model Source: (Belch et al., 2009) As per Belch, The sociological variables include the family, reference groups, the social class, culture, subculture and the membership groups which are generally the factors that have very important part behaviour of the consumer (Belch et al., 2009). The external stimuli are always very important to be studied before the implementation of the model as it gives the idea about the price, brand, quality and many more reviews about the product of the company. And finally, the integrated marketing communication keeps focus on the actual behaviour of the consumer (Shimp Andrews, 2012). Benefits of the IMC The integrated marketing communication is an important tool used in the marketing strategy which is used in the linkage for the communication in the market. Even if it requires a massive amount of effort but also are a good amount of benefits also. IMC helps in strengthening the relationship with the customers by having a good and clear and transparent communication with them about the buying process. Through a clear and transparent communication, it creates an impact in the customer mind which increases the profit of the company. The IMC helps the buyer in getting the messages that are more consistent which reduce the risk of mind change of the buyer. IMC covers not only communication; it also covers the consistent images and the valuable messages which create a long-lasting relationship with the customers. With such consistent database, IMC reduces the chances of duplication by its whole strategic planning. Conclusion The integrated marketing system is a collective strategic planning system which helps in the communication in the business market of Australia. Also, all the research had shown that over the time the IMC is going on getting its up gradation with the increase in the globalization of the Australian market (Percy, 2014). According to the market position the demand of IMC is changing and its elements are also increasing in a broader aspect. Therefore it is evident that the integrated marketing communication is always helpful in focussing towards the new communication in the market with respect to the consumers or the clients and helps in maintaining their behaviour. References Belch, G., Belch, M., Kerr, G. and Powell, I., (2009). Advertising and IMC. Blakeman, R. (2014).Integrated marketing communication: creative strategy from idea to implementation. Rowman Littlefield. Percy, L. (2014).Strategic integrated marketing communications. Routledge. Shimp, T. A., Andrews, J. C. (2012).Advertising promotion and other aspects of integrated marketing communications. Cengage Learning. Schultz, D., Patti, C. H., Kitchen, P. J. (2013).The evolution of integrated marketing communications: The customer-driven marketplace. Routledge. Thorson, E., Moore, J. (2013).Integrated communication: Synergy of persuasive voices. Psychology Press. Yeshin, T. (2012).Integrated marketing communications. Routledge.